New research from England suggests that there’s something else to be careful about during pregnancy: insect repellents and insecticides. Researchers looked at 471 baby boys born with a malformation called hypospadias, where the opening of the penis appears on the underside, rather than the tip. (Surgery can correct the problem in most cases, although no surgical procedure is completely without risk.) The boys’ mothers were asked about their lifestyles. Compared with the mothers of healthy babies, mothers of boys with hypospadias were more likely to have used insect repellents during the first trimester of pregnancy.

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