Do you think prostate cancer screening saves lives? If you’re like over 90 percent of men, you do. The problem: There’s no proof that’s true—and growing evidence that it may not be.

Yet most doctors recommend the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test to their male patients over age 50 without having a thorough discussion of the test’s risks and benefits, according to a study published this week in the Archives of Internal Medicine. Indeed, less than a third of the men in that study said their doctor had mentioned the potential downsides of prostate cancer screening, which can include not only inaccurate test results but also unnecessary treatments, which, in turn, can lead to impotence, incontinence, or both. And nearly a third underwent PSA testing without any discussion with their doctor at all.

That’s scandalous—and seems especially galling now, as Prostate-Cancer Awareness Month comes to an end. With prostate cancer, and any other health condition where the evidence is still equivocal, it’s indeed essential to emphasize awareness. But all too often the information men get from their doctors and other sources about prostate cancer seems more like propaganda, giving just one side of the story.