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Being popular at high school has health benefits later
Oct 7, 2009 12:27 PM

Health benefits of popularity
"Beverly Hills 90210." "My So-Called Life." "Veronica Mars." Schools must be one of the most common settings for a TV show, and stories often revolve around who's popular and who isn't. Writers would be lost without the stereotype of the popular jock and the new kid from out of town.

Being high in the school pecking order can seem like a big deal at the time, but I'd always thought that as soon as you'd gone to college and reinvented yourself, it didn't matter any more. It seems I was wrong. New research suggests that children who are popular at school continue to enjoy health advantages well into adult life. In 1966, researchers talked to around 14,000 sixth graders at Swedish schools (the equivalent of seventh grade in the US). The children were asked to nominate the three people they most liked to work with in class. Decades later, researchers looked at hospital records, to see how popularity corresponded with health.

People who'd been picked as a work partner by seven or more classmates (termed "favorites" by the researchers) visited the hospital fewer times between the ages of 20 and 50, compared with their less popular classmates. There was a slight but steady drop off in health, down through "popular" children (four to six picks), "accepted" children (two to three), "peripheral" (one pick), and "marginalized children" (no picks). Some of the strongest links were between lack of popularity and the risk of heart disease or diabetes.

It's hard to know where the health differences came from. It's possible the more popular children grew up in richer families who could afford better healthcare, but the researchers took parental class and occupation into account. Another slight issue is that the researchers assumed that more hospital visits meant worse health, but we don't know whether some people got ill without going to the hospital.

Assuming the result is genuine, what could explain it? Maybe popular people can draw on more resources throughout their lives, by earning more money or by getting more help from friends. Or perhaps being more confident or having a positive self-image somehow helps people to live a healthier lifestyle.

Some researchers think there could also be psychological advantages to being more popular. Feeling valued might mean you suffer less stress, which could potentially have health benefits. Some studies suggest that stress hormones could have negative effects on the heart, for example.

What you need to know. High status seems to bring about health advantages, probably for all sorts of reasons.

Philip Wilson, patient editor, BMJ Group

ConsumerReportsHealth.org has partnered with The BMJ Group (British Medical Journal) to monitor the latest medical research and assess the evidence to help you decide which news you should use.

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